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  • Writer's pictureReuven Sherwin
    • Aug 5, 2020
    • 2 min read

ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืœื—ื™ืงื•ื™ - ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืฉื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืœื | ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ


Moses and Aaron, scanned from print, by unknown artist, dated from 1526 | Cooper Hewitt collection at Smithsonian Design Museum
Moses and Aaron

ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ?

* ื—ื‘ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคืขื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืดืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืจืฃ ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” - ื›ืš ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืชื—ืชื™ื•ืด (ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง - ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืช)

** ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื’ื“ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืดื›ื” ืขืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืด. ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื - ืฉื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื ื”ื ื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข, ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืœืกืคืจ - ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ืื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื•ืชื? ืกื•ืœื ืžื•ืฆื‘ ืืจืฆื” ื•ืจืืฉื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื”. ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื - ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื ื”ื ื™ืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ืดื›ื” ืขืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืด - ื•ืืคื™ืœื•, ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื ืก ื•ืื”ื™ื” ื›ื–ื” ืฆื“ื™ืง. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืก ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืงืจื” ืœื™. ืื•ืœื™ ื ืฉืžืข ืœื—ืœืงื™ื›ื ืžื•ื›ืจ, ื•ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื“ื•ืžื”.

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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื, ืื ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืดื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ืืด, ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืฉื’, ืื– ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื“ืœ ืœื—ื™ืงื•ื™ - ื›ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื - ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื•ืฉื’. ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืฉืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืจื—ื•ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’, ื•ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื ืจืื” ืืคืฉืจื™, ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืื•ืกืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ื ืงืฉื™ื - ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื’ื” - ืื– ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื ืฆืœื™ื— ืดืœืฆืžืฆื ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ืืด ืืœื™ื•. ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ืชื• - ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื ืฉืชืคืจ, ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื•.

ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืื ืจืง ื™ืชืืžืฆื• ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช (ื•ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช. ืื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื”) - ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.

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ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื ืืžืจ: * ืœึนื ื›ึตืŸ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึดึผื™ ืžืฉึถืื” ื‘ึฐึผื›ึธืœ ื‘ึตึผื™ืชึดื™ ื ึถืึฑืžึธืŸ ื”ื•ึผื: ืคึถึผื” ืึถืœ ืคึถึผื” ืึฒื“ึทื‘ึถึผืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน * ื•ึฐื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืžึนืฉึถืื”, ืขึธื ึธื• ืžึฐืึนื“- ืžึดื›ึนึผืœ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึทืœ-ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžื›ืœ ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื•-ืขื ื• ืžื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉื‘ืื“ืžื” - ืจืžืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืืœ-ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช. ื•ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ืขืœ ืื—ื™ื•, ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ: * ื•ึฐื’ึทื ื”ึดื ึตึผื” ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึนืฆึตื ืœึดืงึฐืจึธืืชึถืšึธ ื•ึฐืจึธืึฒืšึธ ื•ึฐืฉึธื‚ืžึทื— ื‘ึฐึผืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน * ื•ึทื™ึผึดื“ึผึนื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ * ืื•ึนื”ึตื‘ ืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ื•ึฐืจื•ึนื“ึตืฃ ืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ืฉืžื— ืœืคืจื’ืŸ ืœืื—ื™ื• ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ (ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœืœ - ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจื™), ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ืชืืคืง (ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืกื•ืช), ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื“ื ื•ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืชื•ืจื” (ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืื•ืคื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื - ืื‘ืœ ืคืŸ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืืœื™ื•)

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ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช - ืžืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ.

ืžื™ ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืœื, ืžืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืจืง ืฉืœื ื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช - ืืœื ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™.


ืื– ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉืชื™ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฉืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื, ื•ืดื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืชึถึผืึฑื—ึนื– ื‘ึธึผื–ึถื” ื•ึฐื’ึทื ืžึดื–ึถึผื” ืึทืœ ืชึทึผื ึทึผื— ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึถืšึธ ื›ึดึผื™ ื™ึฐืจึตื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึตืฆึตื ืึถืช ื›ึปึผืœึธึผืืด (ืงื”ืœืช ื–, ื™ืดื—).


ืงื—ื• ืžื” ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืžื”ืื—ื“, ื•ืชืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžื”ืฉื ื™ - ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ - ืืœ ืชื•ื•ืชืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื›ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

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